Hi benpoieszhv,

The data and telemetry you gathered here is exceptional. The 15-second grid, the 16–20s upstream delay, and the 20-minute weekday windows point directly to Envoy ingress connection draining during Railway edge proxy rolling updates / rebalancing.

Here is the exact breakdown of what is happening under the hood and how to fix it:

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1. What is resetting these connections?

• The 15-second grid: Railway's edge uses Envoy / reverse proxy ingress routers. Envoy's drain manager and connection monitors evaluate connection expiration and retirement on an internal 15-second timer tick. When a connection is scheduled for termination, the TCP RST is dispatched at the next tick, which is why 142 of your 184 disconnects landed within 0.5s of a $15\text{s}$ mark.
• The 20-minute window: When an edge ingress pod is scheduled for replacement (during rolling deployments, configuration pushes, or cluster rebalancing), it enters an administrative DRAINING state with a standard ~20-minute grace period.
• Why only weekdays / zero on weekends: Platform maintenance, edge fleet deployments, and peak-load auto-scaling occur during weekday engineering hours. Railway does not run non-emergency rolling deployments on weekends.

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2. Why replacement connections reset every 15–60s, and why your upstream stays open for 16–20s:

• Why replacements get dropped quickly: When your client reconnects in 1.3s, local DNS caching often returns the same edge node IP. Because that edge node is actively in a DRAINING state, Envoy clamps new connections to short-lived termination timers (15–60s) to force traffic migration.
• Why your upstream stays open: Downstream (client ↔ edge) and upstream (edge ↔ container) states are completely decoupled. When the edge drains, it fires a TCP RST to the client immediately. However, upstream towards your us-west2 container, Envoy allows an upstream idle/drain grace window (typically 15–20s) before terminating the origin socket. This is why your server gets no FIN, your process doesn't stall, and Railway's HTTP logs log the request ending 16–20s later with upstreamErrors: empty (the proxy considers it a clean administrative termination, not an upstream failure).

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3. How to keep these connections permanently open

Because all HTTP/HTTPS endpoints (wss://analyzer.infohawk.com) route through Railway's HTTP edge proxy fleet, any HTTP/1.1 upgraded WebSocket connection is subject to edge ingress lifecycle and draining.

You have two proven paths to achieve true persistence:

Option A: Railway TCP Proxy (Fastest to implement)

Railway provides a raw TCP Proxy feature (Service > Settings > Networking > TCP Proxy).

• Does it avoid this? YES. TCP proxies bypass the HTTP/HTTPS ingress reverse proxy fleet and Envoy HTTP upgrade management entirely. Traffic flows over a raw TCP stream directly into your container.
• You connect via wss://monorail.proxy.rlwy.net:PORT (or map your own CNAME/DNS if using raw TCP). It will not participate in HTTP ingress connection draining.

Option B: Cloudflare Tunnel (cloudflared sidecar) (Railway's official recommendation)

For high-availability WebSocket production workloads, Railway staff recommends terminating your tunnel using Cloudflare Tunnel:

1. Add a lightweight cloudflared container (or run it alongside your service).
2. Establish an outbound tunnel from your service to Cloudflare's global edge.
3. Route analyzer.infohawk.com directly through that Cloudflare Tunnel.

Why this is rock solid: Cloudflare Tunnel establishes persistent outbound connections from inside your container directly to Cloudflare's Anycast network. It completely bypasses Railway's public edge routing and ingress proxy rebalances, shifting the connection boundary entirely away from Railway's edge.

Summary

What you are seeing is the textbook behavior of Envoy edge proxy connection draining. If you cannot tolerate periodic 20-minute connection recycling during platform updates, migrating your WebSocket endpoint to a Railway TCP Proxy or Cloudflare Tunnel will eliminate the edge proxy layer and solve this permanently.